Boosting the NSW influenza vaccination rate - June 2024

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Boosting the NSW influenza vaccination rate - NSW Productivity and Equality Commission

Influenza is a serious illness that costs  hundreds of lives each year in NSW, as well  as costing the economy millions of dollars.

 

Each year the flu causes more than 7,000 hospitalisations each year and results in almost 120,000 additional GPs visits   and up to 8 million hours of work are lost. Increasing vaccination rates is key to  saving more lives from the flu and limiting the economic and social harms from this disease.

 

The NSW Productivity and Equality Commission  estimates that NSW could save about 500 lives  and at least $530 million each year, and  potentially up to $1.4 billion, if we can  boost vaccination rates in people under 65 years of age.

 

Public health strategies understandably  focus on vaccinating people over 65, very young children, and those  with compromised immunity.

 

By building on these efforts and vaccinating  just 55 per cent of people under 65, we could reach herd immunity against the flu. That would save lives and money.

 

In 2023, only about 1 in 4 people under 65  were vaccinated against the flu so we’d need to vaccinate around two million more people  each year to reach the 55 per cent target.

 

We can draw on what’s worked well overseas  to boost uptake. Business, schools, governments, and families all have a role  to play in increasing vaccination rates.

 

Places like the UK are vaccinating in  schools, for example. We could do that as well.

 

I encourage you to read our paper on the NSW  Productivity and Equality Commission website.

 

Together, we can build a healthier and wealthier NSW.

About the paper

Current influenza vaccination strategies understandably focus on vaccinating vulnerable people. This strategy is important but more can be done to protect those groups who are most at risk, prevent transmission in the community, and lift productivity. Australian governments could do this by also vaccinating more young and healthy people.

Our paper illustrates the potential health and economic benefits of vaccinating enough young and healthy people against the flu to reach ‘herd immunity’ in NSW. These potential benefits include: avoiding the costs of work hours lost to illness; deaths and healthy life years lost from living with illness; as well as hospitalisations and GP consultations.  

One way to boost vaccination rates could be to facilitate vaccination in schools and in more workplaces. While our analysis focuses on the potential benefit of more vaccinations for New South Wales, the opportunities identified have clear national implications.

This paper was first published in 2023. The 2024 edition includes revised estimates of the benefits of vaccination using the latest data and approaches. We find there is still a lot to be gained from higher vaccination uptake.

Key findings

• Assuming herd immunity is reached, each additional person under 65 who gets vaccinated could deliver at least $260 worth of economic benefits to NSW.
• We estimate that NSW loses up to eight million work hours, up to 4,000 healthy life years, and more than 7,000 hospitalisations and almost 120,000 GP consultations during the flu season every year. These costs will vary as they depend on the severity of the flu season.
• NSW could boost vaccine uptake among young and healthy populations under 65 to prevent transmission and protect the vulnerable. These cohorts are ideal targets to minimise transmission, especially children, who are more likely to catch and spread the flu when infected.
• If NSW achieves herd immunity by vaccinating more people against the flu, the potential economic benefits could be substantial:
  • Two million additional vaccinations of under-65s could see NSW reach herd immunity and deliver total benefits ranging between $530 million and $1.4 billion to the state each year.
  • While actual results could vary based on factors like vaccine uptake among different groups, these results are promising and illustrate the potential benefit of increased vaccinations among healthy populations.
• Increasing vaccine uptake among under-65s may not be as simple as making the vaccine free. Barriers to vaccination include the inconvenience of organising a jab, apprehension about the necessity of the vaccine, as well as its financial cost. These could be addressed by measures like delivering mass vaccination programs in schools (like in the UK) and more workplaces.
• Boosting vaccine uptake is challenging and complex. More work needs to be done. This includes national work to strengthen the evidence with local infectious disease modelling, considering national funding arrangements and ways to boost vaccinations among priority cohorts.