Key traits and benefits
Temperate species are well suited to rotational grazing, finishing systems and mixed-species pasture blends.
They are typically sown in autumn and thrive in cooler climates and heavier soils.
Temperate species offer high feed quality with much higher digestibility than tropical grasses. High growth rates of 1.5-2.0kg/day in cattle and 300-400g in lambs are possible.
Key benefits include:
- Provide strong growth during cooler months.
- Support high livestock performance and finishing systems.
- Can be used in dryland or irrigated systems.
- Allow flexibility through annual and perennial options.
- Work well with companion legumes for improved soil fertility.
Common species and notes
| Species | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Phalaris | Perennial | Deep-rooted, persistent, high feed value |
| Cocksfoot | Perennial | Shade-tolerant, slower to establish, suited to higher rainfall |
| Annual ryegrass | Annual | Fast growth, high-quality feed, suited to short-term grazing |
| Perennial ryegrass | Perennial | Suited to irrigation, less persistent in warmer zones |
| Subterranean clover | Annual | Self-regenerating, nitrogen-fixing, ideal for acidic soils |
| Lucerne | Perennial | High feed value, drought-tolerant, requires well-drained soil |
Establishment and management tips
Successful establishment depends on soil preparation, weed control, and appropriate sowing timing. These pastures should be sown in autumn when soil moisture is available and temperatures are suitable.
- Conduct soil testing and correct pH or nutrient deficiencies before sowing.
- Begin weed control 1–2 years prior to sowing to reduce competition.
- Delay grazing until plants are well anchored and root systems are established.
- Over-sow legumes into existing pastures to improve feed quality and soil health.
Practical considerations
Temperate pastures are ideal for rotational grazing, lamb and cattle finishing, and pasture improvement programs.
They can be used in combination with legumes or forage crops to extend seasonal productivity.
Regular monitoring and adaptive grazing strategies will help maintain pasture condition and maximise returns.
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